Cardiac Electrophysiology Consultants of South Texas, P.A.

Medical Center Tower I
7950 Floyd Curl Drive
Suite 803
San Antonio, TX 78229
tel: 210-615-9500
fax: 210-615-9600
email: office at cecst.com
Specializing in the compassionate care of people who suffer from abnormalities of the electrical system of the heart Current Insurance Plans: We accept most major commercial insurance plans. Please call for details.
Medicare: We have opted out of Medicare, and are happy to care for Medicare beneficiaries on an affordable cash basis. Note: Federal law prohibits signing the Federally-mandated opt-out contract with a Medicare beneficiary who is in an emergency situation.
No insurance? No problem! Consider our affordable Fee for service (direct pay).
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General information about the heart for patients, their family members, and concerned laymen

Table of Contents
Junctional rhythm
     This is a slow rhythm, with rates ranging from 40 to 60 beats per minute, with QRS complexes that have the patient's normal morphology. Usually, no P waves are seen. When P waves are present, they follow closely after the QRS complexes.

This rhythm results from the backup pacemaker capability of the atrioventricular node during sinus arrest.

Accelerated junctional rhythm
     This is a supraventricular rhythm resulting from a focus in or near the atrioventricular junction. The rate ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute.

This is an abnormal rhythm that can result from digitalis toxicity, particularly when it occurs in combination with atrial fibrillation. It can also result from physiologic stress and other causes of increased sympathetic nervous system tone.

Junctional tachycardia
     This is a supraventricular rhythm resulting from a focus in or near the atrioventricular junction. The rate is greater than or equal to 100 beats per minute. See also Accelerated junctional rhythm.

This rhythm usually results from a primary arrhythmia rather than as a response to physiologic stimulation. The electrocardiogram usually cannot distinguish this rhythm from the more common types of Supraventricular tachycardia, for which different treatments may be appropritae. Consultation with a Cardiac Electrophysiologist is recommended for further evaluation.

Multifocal atrial tachycardia
     This is a supraventricular rhythm resulting from multiple ectopic foci in the atria. It is characterized by three or more P wave morphologies and a rate greater than or equal to 100 beats per minute. It is seen most frequently in patients with severe pulmonary disease. The rapid ventricular rate can be symptomatic (hypotension, angina, congestive heart failure). Treatment includes improvement of the concommitant pulmonary disease, and consideration of adminstration of verapamil. Digoxin is not effective in treatment of this rhythm. Consultation with an Internist, Pulmonologist or Cardiologist is recommended for further advice.
Nonconducted atrial premature complex
     See atrial premature complexes.
Normal sinus rhythm
     This is a normal rhythm, and is not of diagnostic significance unless the rate, which ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute, is not appropriate for the clinical setting.

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